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(N M 1 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. F. J. TUBMAN.

HOT WATER HEATER.

No. 452,637. Patented Ma 19,1891.

Minasses h I inventor 'WCM (N L) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. P. J. PURMAN.

HOT WATER HEATER.

No. 452,637. Patented May 19,1891.

97552268868 In fiwenior W 8 06km t? .lation is forced and unnatural.

UNITED STATES PATENT CFFICE.

FREDRIC J. FURMAN, OF GENEVA, NEHV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE HEREN- DEENMANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

HOT-WATER H EATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 452,637, dated May 19,1891. Application filed January 5, 1891- Serial No. 376,728. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDRIO J. FURMAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Geneva, in the county of Ontario and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Hotater Heaters, ofwhich the following is a full specification.

My invention consists of certain improvements in hot-water heaters, myobject being to so construct the heater that the water circulation is invertical lines throughout, it being well understood that horizontalcircu- The waterspaees are so arranged that the hot water rises and thecool water descends in vertical passage-ways, and that the products ofcombustion strike against the water-surfaces at right angles. Theconstruction is, moreover, such that all friction and interiorresistance are reduced to a minimum, thus promoting rapidity of movementof the water leaving the boiler.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a perspective View of one form of myimproved heater with parts broken away to show the interiorconstruction. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken near the topof the dome.

The general construction of the lower part of my hot-water heater, sofar as the fire-pot and adjacent parts are concerned, is similar in manyrespects to the steam-heater shown and described in United StatesLetters Patent No. l2l,261, issued to me February 11, 1890, to whichreference is hereby made.

A the outer jacket, and B the lining, of the heater.

G is the bottom plate of the dome, and K the base-ringof theiire-pot,beneath which is the grate and ash-pit of any approvedconstruction.

R is the outer wall of. the dome, and C the top thereof.

The fire-pot is surrounded by the circulatory water-tubes L, which arepreferably elliptical in cross-section from their base to a point nearthe top, being provided with cylindrical necks at the top which screwinto the plate Gr. These tubes rest directly upon the base-ring K, andhave spaces between them through which pass the gases and products ofcombustion from the fire. The tubes are, moreover, provided withdiaphragms Z, preferably made integral with the tubes,'extending up anddown lengthwise through the center and reaching from the open top of thetube to within a short distance from the closed bottom. The arrangementis such that the tubes L form acircle around the firepot, being disposedbroadside toward the fire with the diaphragms Z (which pass through 6cthe greater diameter or major axis of each elliptical tube) lyingpractically in a circle. This arrangement is obviously most economical,since the water is very readily heated, being exposed in thin sheets tothe fire confined within the circle of the tubes. The circulation of thewater in the tubes is in the direction of the arrows showntherein,;being downward in each tube on the side of the diaphragmopposite to the fire and upward on the side of the diaphragm next thefire.

I employ in addition to the long tubes L, which pass completely throughfrom top to bottom, a series of short drop-tubes L, similar in shape tothe long tubes, being elliptical and provided with circular necks whichscrew into the bottom plate G of the dome. These tubes overhang thefire, being, like the long tubes L, open at the top and closed at thebottom, and like them are provided also with diaphragms Z, reaching fromthe top to a short distance from the bottom to direct the circulation ofthe water within them.

At the rear of the heater are three larger elliptical tubes L placed endto end. These screw into the plate G and are open at the top. They,however, terminate at the bottom before reaching the level of the basering, affording space beneath them for the products of combustion topass in the direction 0 of the arrow, up the rear end thereof and outthrough the chimney-flue F. These rear tubes are provided with blow-offcocks H, through which sediment is removed. The sediment collects inthat portion of acirculatory sys- 5 teniwhere the circulation is mostsluggish,

so that following this rule no sediment will be found in the tubes L,which immediately surround the fire, for there the circulation is mostvigorous, while in the back tubes L Ioc which are farthest distant fromthe fire, the sediment will be deposited, since here the water is morequiet.

E is a circular wall ordiaphragm lying vertically in the dome of theheater between the bottom plate G and the top C of the dome. The loweredge of the wall is on a line with the centers of the openings, intowhich screw the necks of the outer circle of tubes L. In this way thediaphragm in the tube is practically extended and becomes a part of thisdivision of the dome. By this means the interior of the dome, where thehottest water is sent out through the flow-pipes of the radiatingsystem, has no direct communication with the outer or cooler portion ofthe dome, being connected therewith indirectly through the tubes L, halfof which lie within and half of which without the division E.

The return-water enters theheater through the branch pipes H,communicating with the bottoms of the rear tubes L This water, enteringthe lower ends of the three rear tubes L passes up through them intothat part of the dome outside of the divisionEbut within the outer wallR of the dome, where it flows around and drops downin the outsidehalf ofeach tube L and there comes, already partly heated, into immediatecontact with the fire as it rises in the inner half of the tubes L. Fromthe inner half of these tubes the water passes up into the interior ofthe division E in the dome and circulates in the drop-tubes L The waterpasses out into the radiating system through the flow-pipes D,communicating with the interior of the dome. Thus all the water adjacentto the fire rises straight up vertically into the inner part of thedome, whence it literally shoots out into the flow-pipes. By thisconstruction the circulation is wholly vertical, and there isconsequently but little friction and great rapidity of circulation,which causes the water to leave the heater with considerable momentum.As all the principal heating-surfaces are vertical, they are perpetuallyclean, and therefore in condition to freely and rapidly extract the heatfrom the fire.

While I have described and shown my invention in the form of a circularheater, I do not by any means confine myself to this form. I may, forexample, employ a rectangular firepot, in which case the circulatorytubes surrounding it would form the four sides of a rectangle instead oflying in a circle. In this case, also, the division corresponding to thecircular diaphragm E, between the inner o1 hotter portion of the domeand the outer or cooler, would conform in shape to that of the fire-pot,passing along and forming an extension of the diaphragms in thecirculatory tubes.

The products of combustion pass out from the fire-pot between the tubesL in a lateral direction, as indicated by the arrows. They then passunder the back tubes L and up the rear of the same on their way to thechimneyfiuc F.

I claim- 1. A hot-water heater having a series of circulatory tubes openat the top and closed at the bottom, secured to the bottom of the dome,and provided with central diaphragms extending from the top nearly tothe bottom of said tubes, in combination with a division reaching fromtop to bottom of said dome in line with and forming an extension of thediaphragms of said tubes, substantially as and for the purposesdescribed.

2. A hot-water heater having a series of circulatory tubes L, open atthe top and closed at the bottom, arranged in a circle, secured to thebottom of the dome, and provided with central diaphragms extending fromthe open top nearly to the bottom of said tubes, in combination with acircular division E, reaching from top to bottom of the said dome inline with and forming an extension of the diaphragms of said tubes,whereby communication between the inside and outside of said division ishad only through the length of the said circulatory tubes, substantiallyas and for the purposes described.

3. A hot-water heater having a series of circulatory tubes surroundingthe fire-pot and secured to the bottom plate of the dome, said tubesbeing open at the top and closed at the bottom and provided withdiaphragms reaching from the top nearly to the bottom thereof, incombination with a division reaching from top to bottom of the dome inline with and forming an extension of the diaphragms of said tubes, andan additional series of droptubes depending from the bottom of the domewithin said division, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

FREDRIC J. FURMAN.

Witnesses:

G. W. NIcHoLAs, EDGAR PARKER.

